The Mayflower carried barrels upon barrels of beer for its passengers. Explain in your own words the significance of writing a bad check. David Walker, an African American abolitionist, called for a unified global black voice against slavery in his Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World. The idea that social ills once considered incurable could in fact be eliminated. These preachers travelled to the most remote areas, such as the Appalachian region, preaching to individuals, families, and communities. Kentucky Congressional representative Henry Clay argued for colonization because of the unconquerable prejudice against blacks in the United States. North and South white Americans want to colonization the African American slaves, it was response to for making African Americans slaves. Three hundred delegates, both men and women, attended the meeting. Eventually, the American Anti-Slavery Society itself split into factions over social issues. It's was the best answer at the time for white Americans. The region of western and central New York where Finney was most active became the site of intensive religious fervor and reform. The antebellum period was marked by several major slave uprisings. Many types of reform movements existed during this period in the United States, and groups and causes only grew more splintered over time. Do not delete this text first. Margaret Fuller - wrote, had the same right to develop their talents, to "growto live freely and unimpeded.". Significantly, Gabriel forbade the conspirators to kill Methodists and Quakers, groups that were actively seeking manumission for slaves in the area at this time. Reformers argued that education prepares youth for social and civic duties as adults. KEY TERMS: 1. What were the similarities between the common school and the institutions like asylums, orphanages, and prisons that were created by reformers? By helping others, they asserted their worth while at the same time alleviating social ills. Throughout the country, preachers like Peter Cartwright and Charles Grandison Finney created such excitement with their sermons that their audiences became excessive and downright wild. All true Christians, according to Finney, should aim at being holy and not rest satisfied till they are as perfect as God. The religious music and hymns written during the era also helped draw crowds to the revivals; they appealed the common individual by using familiar melodies from popular music and featured folk instruments that many could play, such as the fiddle. His many autobiographies, including Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, were instrumental in giving voice to the enslaved and black Americans and inspired generations of black leaders and reformers who called for freedom for all populations. \end{array} Two of the most significant reform movements to come out of the reform period of 1820-1840 were the anti-slavery movement and the women's rights movement. (Problem 10), ASSETSCurrentAssetsCash$100,000$200,000CertificateofDeposit225,000AccountsReceivable(NetofEstimatedUncollectiblesof$100,000in2012and$160,000in2013)600,000500,000MerchandiseInventory1,800,0001,500,000Prepayments200,000200,000TotalCurrentAssets$2,925,000$2,400,000InvestmentsChicagoFinanceCorporation(40%Owned)$4,000,000$2,200,000RosenwaldCompany(50%Owned)1,025,000900,000HutchinsonCompany(25%Owned)175,000100,000TotalInvestments$5,200,000$3,200,000Property,Plant,andEquipmentLand$500,000$400,000Building4,000,0004,000,000MachineryandEquipment8,000,0007,300,000PropertyRightsAcquiredUnderLease1,500,0001,500,000Total$14,000,000$13,200,000LessAccumulatedDepreciationandAmortization(4,000,000)(3,800,000)TotalProperty,Plant,andEquipment$10,000,000$9,400,000Intangibles(atNetCarryingValue)Patent$750,000$875,000Goodwill1,125,0001,125,000TotalIntangibles$1,875,000$2,000,000TotalAssets$20,000,000$17,000,000LIABILITIESANDSHAREHOLDERSEQUITYCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable$550,000$400,000AdvancesfromCustomers640,000660,000SalariesPayable300,000240,000IncomeTaxesPayable430,000300,000RentReceivedinAdvance50,000OtherCurrentLiabilities460,000200,000TotalCurrentLiabilities$2,430,000$1,800,000Long-TermDebtBondsPayable$3,648,000$3,600,000EquipmentMortgageIndebtedness332,0001,300,000CapitalizedLeaseObligation1,020,0001,100,000TotalLong-TermDebt$5,000,000$6,000,000DeferredTaxLiability$1,570,000$1,400,000ShareholdersEquityConvertiblePreferredStock$2,000,000$2,000,000CommonStock2,000,0002,000,000AdditionalPaid-InCapital3,000,0002,400,000RetainedEarnings5,000,0002,800,000Total$12,000,000$9,200,000LessCostofTreasuryShares(1,000,000)(1,400,000)TotalShareholdersEquity$11,000,000$7,800,000TotalLiabilitiesandShareholdersEquity$20,000,000$17,000,000\begin{array}{lrr} \text{Convertible Preferred Stock}& \$ 2,000,000 &\$ 2,000,000\\ For many, religious revivals, popularly called camp meetings, were their first real experience with organized religion. 13 A House Divided - Revi, DepreciationofPlantandEquipmentandAmortization, BasicEarningsperCommonShare(Basedon1,600,000, DilutedEarningsperShare(AssumingConversionof, AccountsReceivable(NetofEstimatedUncollectibles, of$100,000in2012and$160,000in2013), LessAccumulatedDepreciationandAmortization, TotalLiabilitiesandShareholdersEquity, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Bible Survey- Final EXAM !!!! Such music remained after the revival and itinerant preacher were long gone. Give Me Liberty! ) - militant abolitionism where a new generation of reformers rejected the traditional approach of gradual emancipation and demanded immediate abolition. \text{Rent Received in Advance}& 50,000& \\ Turner himself evaded capture for months. For the most part the reforms were a part of internal turmoil and the international scope was very limited. The increasing urbanization of the United States and the large numbers of immigrants, especially Germans, had transformed the nation in ways that were unfamiliar and that some found threatening. The new evangelical denominations of the Second Great Awakening did not require the same kinds of rigorous education as older sects did; rather, it was far more important for a spiritual leader to experience a personal conversion and feel a call to spread the message. - many colonizationists believed African Americans slavery and racism were so deeply embedded in American life that blacks could never achieve equality if freed. In western New York, revival movements inspired many new religious sects as well as social reform. Antebellum Convention Movement The antebellum convention movement consisted of a series of national, regional, and state conventions held by blacks in North America on an irregular basis from 1830 to 1861. Douglass was a skilled orator and a prolific writer. Gender Two of the most significant reform movements to come out of the reform period of 1820-1840 were the anti-slavery movement and the womens rights movement. A key moment came in 1840, when the Anti-Slavery Society split after a woman, Abigail Kelley, was nominated to serve on one of the Societys committees. Consolidated Balance Sheets Elizabeth Cady Stanton raised the issue of woman's suffrage for the first time, the principal author, modeled the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments on the Declaration of Independence - the document added "women" to Jefferson's axiom "all men are created equal." \text{Diluted Earnings per Share (Assuming Conversion of}\\ The movement began in the 1830s and revealed the growing consensus among northern free blacks on the importance of moral reform. Gabriels brother, Martin, was recognized by the local black community as a lay-preacher. William Miller, a Baptist convert and editor of the Advent Herald, preached that October 22, 1844 would be the date of the Second Coming, basing his predictions on Biblical prophecy. Merchants with commercial ties to the South. Many of his followers sold their worldly goods and gathered either in churches or in fields to await the arrival of Jesus. The experiment in Liberia proved to be, in many ways, a failure; hundreds died from disease soon after emigrating. \text{Property Rights Acquired Under Lease}&1,500,000 &1,500,000\\ Turner, who claimed to have experienced religious visions inspired by the Holy Spirit, used Biblical passages and his account of the visions to recruit more than seventy followers, both slave and free blacks, and incite rebellion. In some instances, whites and blacks had separate, adjacent meetings; in others, they attended the same camp meeting, but slaves were in segregated seating. By the end of the 1830s, the Society had grown by leaps and bounds, with more than 1,300 chapters and almost 250,000 members. Social activists sought to end slavery and establish greater rights for women. \text{Basic Earnings per Common Share (Based on 1,600,000} \\ The majority of the members of the Society favored including women in the governing structure of the organization; the more conservative members broke away from the Anti-Slave Society to form the American and Foreign Anti-Slave Society, which excluded women. Frederick Douglass, an escaped slave, was a key leader of this society who often spoke at its meetings. There she found the inmates, some of them mentally ill (whom Dix refers to as lunatics), housed in filthy conditions in unheated cells. In 1821, Finney set out to preach in western New York. Through these moral reform societies, churches hoped to change society by putting individuals on the path to righteousness. This reform impulse captured one of the Second Great Awakenings basic messages: humanity could be improved, and indeed, perfected through religion and reform. "Big R" reform is hard to do and there are few examples of success in developing countries so far. Walker stood as a vocal opponent of colonization, saying that the United States belonged more to African Americans than to whites, because the black population had earned the country with their blood and tears.. Many people, accustomed to thinking of salvation as being determined by God alone, found the possibility of playing an active role in determining their religious fate exhilarating. Questions relating to the financial statements of Chicago Corporation follow. \text{Equity in Earnings of Affiliates:}\\ Preachers and believers all over the country saw humankind and society as good and perfectible, able to improve and strive to become more like God. Over the next two days, the insurrectionists killed some sixty white men, women, and children. One of the defining characteristics of the Second Great Awakening was large gatherings at religious revivals. While not all Americans were active in the various reform movements, taken together, the reform impulse was a powerful force that characterizes the antebellum era. For some members of the movement, the idea meant the end of slavery; for others, it was an answer for racial tensions in the United States. The church encouraged the formation of an extremely tight-knit community, driven by a strong sense of social obligation and a law of tithing which required Mormons to give 10% of their property at conversion and 10% of their yearly income thereafter. In 1816, proponents of colonization of freed slaves founded this society, which promoted the gradual abolition of slavery and the settlement of black Americans in Africa. So they want to stay in the United States. After the rebellion, white authorities took measures to limit the threat of literate black congregations to the institution of slavery throughout the South. Evangelical churches became tightlyknit communities that sought to transform society first as a force that determined and enforced values, morality, and conduct, and second, by outreach through moral reform societies that concentrated on reforming personal vices such as drinking, sexual misconduct, and gambling. By the end of the meeting, a plan emerged to march on the city of Richmond on August 30, 1800, seizing the capitol and capturing the governor. Mobs disrupted abolitionist meetings in northern cities. Evaluate the extent to which social and intellectual reform movements during the antebellum era (1820-1860) represented an expansion of democratic ideals analyzing what changed and what stayed the same from the period before the era to the period after. Old patterns were breaking down, and many felt that the country had become a moral vacuum. Urbanization and immigration also provided a new concentration of the poor. It provided a leading voice for abolition, in part through the publication of its newspaper, The National Anti-Slavery Standard. The response to these conditions was the 1826 creation of the American Temperance Society in Boston, Massachusetts. Discuss any differences between the preferences of men and women. The Garrisionians wanted Douglass to simply get up and tell his story, to tell his narrative on the platform. \text{Common Stock}& 2,000,000& 2,000,000\\ \text{REVENUES}\\ For some, the issue initially boiled down to access to the slave population and the ability to bring the message to a wider audience. Moreover, they said, white preachers professed a different message to white and black congregations. The Seneca Falls Convention worked to establish____. \text{Income TaxesCurrent}&& 1,430,000\\ In the spring of 1841, Dix visited a Cambridge jail in order to teach Sunday school for a group of women inmates. Before the early 1800s, education for most Americans was very basic. \text{ASSETS}\\ Throughout New England, many Christians began to espouse Unitarianism, a sect based on the importance of human reason. Pace of Life Preference by Gender. \quad\text{Total Property, Plant, and Equipment}& \$10,000,000 &\$ 9,400,000\\ As the movement progressed throughout the South, the many preachers used Biblical passages to support and bolster the institution of slavery and the role of white man as patriarch in model of the Old Testament: master to slaves, women, and children alike. (1) The only transaction affecting common or preferred shares during 2013 was the sale of treasury stock. The emerging American middle class participated in reform not only for religious reasons, but also to confirm their new social status. Learn about temperance and abolition and . In particular, women played a large role in various aspects of reform. American reformers also sought to implement school reform. In part, this was achieved by a certain theatricality of preaching. The American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS) (1833-1870) was an abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison, and Arthur Tappan. \text{Land}& \$ 500,000 &\$ 400,000\\ UTOPIAN COMMUNITIES - Reform communities where small groups of men and women attempted to establish a more perfect order within the larger society. Add texts here. They were inspired in part by the success of British abolitionists. The Second Great Awakening and the movement in religious revival in the United States had a profound impact on the United States. Indeed, many slave owners feared the message of spiritual equality, so they kept the evangelists out. \textbf{Long-Term Debt}\\ The difference were common school and institution was open to all children and were getting educated, a free training for individuals. However, there were limits to spiritual equality; although all were spiritually equal in the eyes of God, for many believers, African Americans and women were still inferior to white men in all other ways. The Unitarian church was most popular in New England and was centered in Boston. \text{Capitalized Lease Obligation}& 1,020,000& 1,100,000\\ A popularized outlook by way of revivals. In the 19th Century's Antebellum Era, Americans began several social reform movements influenced by transcendentalism and the Second Great Awakening. Black and white abolitionists often had different agendas by the 1840s, and certainly in the 1850s. The Grimk sisters were one example of the overlap in the reformist impulse between abolitionism and womens rights. Generally, the evangelical movement changed over time and became more limiting and conservative in their views of race and gender. Others simply tempered their message of spiritual equality and did not overtly challenge slavery. The new Protestant denominations, most prominently the Baptists and Methodists, grew in strength and numbers. A company has net sales of $489,600\$ 489,600$489,600 and average accounts receivable of $40,800\$ 40,800$40,800. Revival and Religious Change. Harriet Beacher Stowe's novel was to some extent modeled on the autobiography of fugitive slave Josiah Henson. Key figures in the abolitionist movement were William Lloyd Garrison, publisher of The Liberator and Frederick Douglass, who was born a slave and rose to prominence as an author, orator, and abolitionist. 2 One reform in particular that has shaped human rights and rehabilitation is the Prison and Asylum Reforms of the 1830s. Their intense and emotional atmosphere inspired a tremendous number of conversions. For the most part the reforms were a part of internal turmoil and the international scope was very limited. \textbf{Property, Plant, and Equipment}\\ Each of these movements worked for freedom and emancipation and to grant a greater body of rights to two of the groups on the periphery of American society. Preachers of the revival movement preached the equality of all before God but generally did not challenge the institution of slavery in much of the South. 2. To understand it fully, however, one must consider its origins. The African Methodist Episcopal Church where Vesey preached was destroyed. But Transcendentalism had many more participants whose interests ranged across the spectrum of antebellum reform. For example, as Frederick Douglass rose to prominence as an orator in the abolitionist movement, he began speaking not only of his life as a slave, but also analyzing abolitionist policies. 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, January 28, 1919 Download image resource Description The 18th Amendment to the Constitution, ratified in 1919, banned the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages in the United States. )%2F13%253A_Antebellum_Revival_and_Reform%2F13.01%253A_Religious_Reforms_in_the_Antebellum_United_States, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), 13.2: Cultural Movements- Transcendentalism, Utopian Communities, and the Cult of Domesticity, Second Great Awakening in the South and in Appalachia, Catherine Locks, Sarah Mergel, Pamela Roseman, Tamara Spike & Marie Lasseter, source@https://oer.galileo.usg.edu/history-textbooks/1/, status page at https://status.libretexts.org. In the aftermath of the rebellion, the panicky white population killed more than one hundred black men, free and slave. Give Me Liberty Ch. Not all preachers took the same attitude towards women as Finney; many preachers in the north turned to the same passages and idea of Christian men as patriarchs to their wives, female relatives, and children that were used in the South to reassert the dominance of white males. Worth while at the same right to develop their talents, to `` growto live freely unimpeded... Different message to white and black congregations north and South white Americans reformers argued that education prepares for. Congressional representative Henry Clay argued for colonization because of the defining characteristics of the rebellion, preachers... Rent Received in Advance } & 1,020,000 & 1,100,000\\ a popularized outlook by way of revivals Jesus... 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The Baptists and Methodists, grew in strength and numbers slavery throughout the South the.! & \\ Turner himself evaded capture for months their new social status over social issues Society founded by Lloyd... And Asylum reforms of the Second Great Awakening and the international scope was very basic equality, so they the... Theatricality of preaching, Finney set out to preach in western new York where Finney was most popular in England. Over the next two days, the evangelical movement changed over time differences between the common school the. Of race and gender after the revival and itinerant preacher were long gone became... Marked by several major slave uprisings groups and causes only grew more splintered over time argued that prepares... Unconquerable prejudice against blacks in the 1850s the reformist impulse between abolitionism and womens rights Obligation } & 1,020,000 1,100,000\\... The reforms were a part of internal turmoil and the institutions like asylums, orphanages, and groups causes! A moral vacuum Congressional representative Henry Clay argued for colonization because of the unconquerable prejudice blacks. Evangelists out had many more participants whose interests ranged across the spectrum antebellum! Tempered their message of spiritual equality and did not overtly challenge to what degree was antebellum reform international in scope common school and the movement religious. Felt that the country had become a moral vacuum Society who often spoke at its.!
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