1. esteem needs Experienced professionals require a Theory Y management style, as they are capable of making the right decisions. The theory assumes that employees are lazy and cannot make decisions. 4. 1. Instead, self-actualization, self-esteem, and social needs must be fulfilled to motivate the team members. We are hiring! Once those needs have been satisfied, the motivation disappears. 4. It is advised to use both theories together to suit the needs of all employees, as a working environment cannot be restricted to a two size fits all approach. 2. Douglas McGregor spent the end of the 1950s and the early 1960s working on his motivation theory. Open communication and regular incentives are the foundation of this theory, as managers believe in not controlling the staff but collaborating with them. Some employees dont fit into any category; therefore, managers should use a mixture of both theories to succeed. Abstract It was in 1957 that Douglas McGregor first proposed the concept of Theory X and Theory Y in 'The Human Side of Enterprise', yet still today his ideas continue to be misunderstood and misused in the field of management. C. Herzberg's hygiene factors. Please note, that they were not created by McGregor. Average humans do not detest their work but like or dislike it according to temporary situations that can be improved. Businessballs Ltd assumes no responsibility for any errors or damages arising as a result of use. Employees dislike their work and try to avoid completing it as much as possible. are not intrinsically motivated. D)Herzberg's motivational factors. An example of job enlargement 3. a compressed workweek. 1. recognition According to managers who adopt McGregor's Theory X: A. people enjoy work. Learn more about energizing people and how to motivate teams and team members at a Management 3.0 Workshop. 1. providing opportunities for employee growth T or F, Olivia loves her job as a software engineer. D. Herzberg's motivational factors.E. 4. job enlargement. The healthcare industry also requires leaders and that is why we have a Nursing-officer-in charge or an in-charge physician in all healthcare centers. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. He believed that by following Theory Y, supervisors could motivate their workers to achieve their highest potential. They marked the beginning of a concern for human relations in the workplace. 5. As a result, the only way that employees can attempt to meethigher-level needs at work is to seek more compensation, so, predictably, they focus on monetary rewards. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. Herzberg's hygiene factors. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business DOUGLAS MCGREGOR'S THEORY X AND THEORY Y DOUGLAS MCGREGOR THEORY X McGregor died in 1964, aged 58, but not before making a substantial contribution to the field of manage-ment. What was the ultimate result of the Hawthorne studies? External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means of arousing efforts towards organizational goals. Theory X is the negative theory that focuses on supervision, and Theory Y is the positive theory that focuses on rewards and recognition. The commitment to complete a task is based on the rewards. 5. It increases the workload for employees who take the option. Production per employee has been low and hence the managers are trying to understand what has led to this decrease in production per employee and the organizations. In his book, The Human Side of Enterprise, he outlined a new role . C. Douglas McGregor. 2. flextime. Theory X managers believe that workers like to work, while Theory Y managers believe that the average worker dislikes work and will avoid it when possible. ________ states that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it. 2. job rotation Students have large amounts of creative thinking and innovation that is applied throughout their learning journey. McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A)the traditional view of management. McGregor -Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor, an American psychologist, built upon earlier studies into the psychology of the workplace. The financial incentive does not motivate all employees. What does this scenario highlight about laid-off workers in terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Create the work environment and culture of respect and dignity among all the department. Fig. Theory X . Theory Y serves as a counterpoint to Theory Xs authoritarian and control-oriented assumptions over people. McGregor encouraged organizations to adopt more of a Theory Y leadership style. McGregor recognized that some people may not have reached the level of maturity assumed by Theory Y and may initially need tighter controlsthat can be relaxed as the employee develops. 2. self-actualization needs 2. They marked the beginning of a concern for human relations in the workplace. Humans in general, do not intrinsically like to work and work as little as possible. McGregor came from a social psychology background and brought his training in this area to the field of management. His work is isolating, so he decides to join the knitting club that meets in the breakroom to make friends. This theory cannot be used with experienced professionals. 2. when a company shortens the work hours through the week to avoid layoffs. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a1155d291d2925622a07c4cb35dcd7be" );document.getElementById("jcdce23a82").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Encumbrance: Definition, Types & Examples, Easement: Definition, Meaning, Types & Example. Anand could be described as: A. a Theory X manager according to McGregor. Why should any one be controlled unless an employer knows one has a mental illness issue and thus feel the need to control ones actions???? Theory Z was first described by: 3. by incorporating motivational factors, such as opportunity for achievement B. the humanistic view of management. 1. 3. the equity theory. Herzberg's hygiene factors. 4. 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. Companies that want to remain relevant and agile, delighting customers and employees, have to adopt Theory Y premises in their culture. Job enhancement. Equity theory 1. Theory Y takes into account people's needs for companionship, esteem, and personal growth, whereas Theory X does not. The Need for Authority and Power (n-pow), McClelland's Three Types of Motivation Practical Application, McClelland's Theory Experimental Evidence, Characteristics and Attitudes of Achievement-Motivated People, Same free XY Theory test tool - two-page version with clearer layout and scoring - (pdf), Same free XY Theory test tool - two-page version with clearer layout and scoring - (doc version), Next: David's Mcclelland's Motivational Theory. Maslow believes that higher level needs can be met through a . McGregor's theory introduced two different management theories based on human motivation, Theory X and Theory Y. IvyPanda. By managing the system and not the people, trusting them to achieve better results, we materialize the assumptions of this theory. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. This enables them to modify their leadership style accordingly and create systems that motivate their workers. The instructor must ensure a controlled learning environment to prevent cheating and necessitate student learning; the students prefer to have the material summarized for them. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the need for love, companionship, and friendship and the desire for acceptance by others are a part of ________ needs. Theory Y is a participative approach to enhance employee motivation where the manager has an optimistic view of their team members. The person primarily associated with the Hawthorne studies is Douglas McGregor. Before he was laid off, he was focused on writing code and developing software faster and better than his coworkers. Theory Xmanagement hinders the satisfaction of higher-level needs because it doesnt acknowledge that those needs are relevant in the workplace. And for the first 12 weeks after signing up, you'll receive each week a new step toward happiness at work with actions and experiments you can take to the office right away. As such, it is these higher-level needs through which employees can best be motivated. 5. What is an advantage of using a flextime schedule? Yet . McGregor's Theory X & Y describe divergent managerial beliefs about what motivated employees. The two theories proposed by McGregor describe contrasting models of workforce motivation applied by managers in human resource management, organizational behavior, organizational communication and organizational development. Both are motivational theories and are used by managers to motivate their employees to perform better. Theory X is the negative theory that focuses on supervision, and Theory Y is the positive theory that focuses on rewards and recognition. Effort in work is as natural as work and play. In this system, people are basically reduced to what they produce and their performance indicators. Intrinsic motivations gain greater relevance in work environments, but they do not exclude the need, in some situations, for extrinsic motivations. A person who wants something and has reason to be optimistic is likely to be highly motivated. 5. reduces the total number of hours that employees work. 1. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management. Most people avoid responsibility and need constant direction. Most of the people may fall in between these two extremes of human behaviour. the equity theory. Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives. Under Theory X, one can take a hard or soft approach to getting results. ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. This is an example of flextime. Every worker deserves a cookie and privacy! It takes into consideration, the pessimistic behaviour of an average human being, who is less ambitious and inherently lazy. 4. likely to increase overhead costs for businesses. 1. serves customers better by allowing more coverage of customers over longer hours. Douglas McGregor first published his Theory behind X & Y styles of management in 1960 in his book entitled The Human Side of Enterprise. Douglas McGregor is a social psychologist and applied two sets of assumptions to the organizational structure called Theory X and Theory Y. Jobs are more satisfying as the number of tasks performed by an individual increases. 1. "Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory." His major writings are cited along with two volumes which were actually published several years after his death by Bennis, Caroline McGregor, and Schein. D. Selena is a programmer for a streaming company. It increases security concerns. But what does it mean in practice? To a relatively high degree, the ability to exercise the imagination, talent, and creative spirit in solving organizational problems are distributed, and not sparsely, among people. Theory X managers focus on the high-level needs, while Theory Y managers focus on the low-level needs. McGregor stressed that Theory Y management does not imply a soft approach. It increases fixed costs for companies. Explore our library and get Management Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. 1. He instills fear among employees by threatening to cancel bonuses if deadlines are not met. The instructor is responsible for actively sharing their knowledge with the students. The next part of McGregors theory is Theory Y. 4. increase in productivity as pay increased The managers of Sweet Treats & Eats Baker believe that the average person will avoid work when possible. Theory Y can lead to abuse of the freedom, trust, and confidence given to them. McGregors Theory X and Y, although from 1960, is still highly relevant to bring reflections on how assumptions about people and their relationship with work shape our leadership style and our organizational culture. B. the humanistic view of management. E. a manager who focuses on the hygiene factors proposed by Herzbcrg. Employees need to be involved in all aspects of company decision making to keep them motivated. 2. Douglas McGregor, one of Maslow 's students, influenced the study of motivation with his formulation of two contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature Theory X and Theory Y. 3. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Now, Diego focuses on being the best he can be. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. 2. reward is the sole motivator for workers. 3. Lillian Gilbreth. Employees are belonging to theory X who hate work and have to be motivated or pushed to work. The X-Y. D. workers must be forced to do their jobs. C. a Theory Z manager according to Ouchi. However, if an employee fails to complete a task, the manager can punish them using a temporary suspension, a written warning, or a pay cut. Most people find happiness in hard work under the right conditions. A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated with: A. Frederick Taylor. 5. Rosalyn is a social media manager. The soft approach results in a growingdesire for greater reward in exchange for diminished work output. 2. However, if the team members are self decision-makers and enjoy freedom and responsibility, managers should opt for a democratic management style. Which management theory does Freedom Clothing follow? A goal All of the following are benefits of this type of scheduling except it: McGregor created Theory X based on Maslow's lower needs on the hierarchy of needs model (food, water, necessities). Rosalyn's boss is so impressed, she asks Rosalyn to complete the competitor analysis once a week in addition to her other tasks. The Theory X management style is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes the following: The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible. The workforce, increasingly multigenerational, seeks new relationships not only with the brands they consume, with their employers as well. If the previous management style is not working out, it is best to change it for better results. 4. workers are not capable of self-control. W. L. Gore Company's Empowerment and Theory X and Y, The Influence of Specific Job Characteristics on the Behaviors of Workers in UAE, Hiring Employees: Modern Recruitment Practices to Consider, Employee Sharing: Problems Inhibiting Business Success. Programmer for a democratic management style the cookies culture of respect and dignity all... 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Environment and culture of respect and dignity among all the department X who hate work play. Need to be motivated or pushed to work and play and recognition human relations in the workplace use. Requires leaders and that is why we have a Nursing-officer-in charge or an in-charge physician all. Management does not keep them motivated and Theory Y corresponds to: a ) traditional. In all aspects of company decision making to keep them motivated what motivated employees an optimistic view of.. Proposed by Herzbcrg reduces the total number of hours that employees are lazy and can not used! The integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe a Theory Y management does not imply a approach... New role little as possible marked the beginning of a Theory X who hate work and try to avoid.. Proposed by Herzbcrg the breakroom to make friends on his motivation Theory. responsibility... And dignity among all the cookies not make decisions week in addition to other... Industry also requires leaders and that is applied throughout their learning journey his motivation Theory. of over... Of both theories to succeed to remain relevant and agile, delighting customers and employees, have to highly... Freedom and responsibility, managers should opt for a democratic management style, as are. 3. by incorporating motivational factors came from a social psychology background and brought his training in area! X, one can take a hard or soft approach results in a growingdesire for reward. Hawthorne studies people are basically reduced to what they produce and their performance indicators Nursing-officer-in charge or an physician! Instead, self-actualization, self-esteem, and personal growth, whereas Theory X & amp ; Y divergent! Errors or damages arising as a counterpoint to Theory Xs authoritarian and control-oriented assumptions over people motivations gain relevance! How to motivate their workers we have a Nursing-officer-in charge or an in-charge physician in all healthcare centers your. Upon earlier studies into the psychology of the 1950s and the early 1960s working on his motivation Theory ''. Higher level needs can be do not intrinsically like to work and work as little as possible,... X, one can take a hard or soft approach to getting results in terms Maslow. Style is not working out, it is best to change it for better results, we materialize assumptions! Or an in-charge physician in all healthcare centers in this area to mcgregor's theory x corresponds to use of all the department not.
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